All you need to know about Sciatica


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Introduction:

Sciatica is a term used for pain radiating down from the lower spine to the legs. Most common cause of sciatica is irritation or compression of the nerves as they exit the spine on their way to the legs. It may be accompanied by numbness, tingling and weakness in the distribution of the affected nerve.

1. What is sciatica?
The term sciatica originated from the sciatic nerve, which is the single largest nerve in our body. This nerve is responsible for a significant proportion of leg sensation and movement. Sciatica represents pain in the area supplied by the sciatic nerve.

Radicular pain/ radiculopathy are medical terms which doctors use when describing this condition. There are numerous reasons for having leg pain and every leg pain is not sciatica. Commonly people misinterpret sciatica as a disease and need to be explained that it is a symptom of the underlying problem.

2. What are symptoms of sciatica?
The severity and symptoms many vary considerably. In severe cases the affected individual may find it difficult to walk or even stand up straight.

Some of the commonly observed symptoms include

· Sharp, burning, stinging, shooting, electric shock or cramps like pain in one or both legs often as far down as the foot. Movement, coughing and sneezing can intensify the pain

· Tingling, pins and needles and/or numbness in leg or foot

· Muscle weakness with difficulty in weight bearing or walking.

· Buttock/low back pain and stiffness.

3. What causes sciatica?
· Disc herniation: Spine is formed of many bones called vertebrae arranged one above the other. In between these vertebrae are discs, which are like cushions or shock absorbers. The discs are made up of an outer tough substance and an inner soft jelly like substance. Herniation of the disc can occur if there is splitting or crack in the outer layers allowing the inner jelly like substance to protrude through the crack. This can cause inflammation and compression of the nerve roots in the vertebral column. Slipped disc is a commonly used term for this condition. There is an increased susceptibility to disc herniation as we age because the soft, jelly like substance dries out and shrinks with time, making the disc more fragile.

· Spinal stenosis: Stenosis means narrowing. The narrowing can be of the central canal of the spine or the passageways/ tunnels from which the nerves exit the spine. Besides disc problems, arthritis of the spinal joints or thickening of ligaments can also cause/ contribute to the narrowing.

· Spondylolisthesis: In this condition there is a problem with the alignment of vertebrae, where one vertebra is more forward or backwards, which can narrow the spaces for nerves and produce sciatica as a result.

· Piriformis syndrome: In this condition piriformis muscle in the pelvis is responsible for pressure on sciatic nerve.

· Trauma/ fractures

· Spinal tumors and infections are rare causes of sciatica

Back pain Treatment in Delhi is a common problem that must be consider that affects 8 out of 10 people at some point in their life. It can affect people of all ages and is a common reason for seeking medical assistance.

4. Can it resolve on its own?
Fortunately most cases of sciatica resolve within a period of weeks to months with conservative treatment. Specialist input and treatment can help. Painkillers, heat or cold pack, altered activity levels and physical therapy may be suggested depending on your condition. An injection of steroids into the epidural space within the spine can provide short-term pain relief in sciatica. Persistent pain can lead to changes in the nerves (referred to as plasticity). This can be a source of persistent pain even if the original inciting event is resolved … hence the importance of managing these sooner than later.

https://medium.com/@paintreatmentinsouthdelhi/all-you-need-to-know-about-sciatica-792d9602fdd2


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